As with any investment, there are tax considerations related to the purchase and sale of mutual funds. Here is what you need to know:

• If you sell a mutual fund investment and the proceeds exceed your adjusted cost base, you realize a capital gain. Realized capital gains must be reported for tax purposes in the year of sale. Capital gains are also taxed more favourably than interest, dividend and foreign income. Under current tax rules, only 50% of a capital gain is taxable.
  
  
• If you sell a mutual fund investment and the proceeds are less than your adjusted cost base, you realize a capital loss. Most capital losses can be applied against capital gains to reduce the amount of taxes payable. If you have no realized capital gains in the year a capital loss is realized, the capital loss can be carried back and applied against taxable capital gains from any of the previous three years. You are also allowed to carry the capital loss forward indefinitely to offset gains in future years.

In general, you can calculate your capital gain or capital loss using the following formula:

If you switch between mutual fund trusts in a non-registered account, you are deemed to have sold units of one fund and purchased units in another. If the units you sold are worth more than what you originally purchased them for, the switch will generate a capital gain. If the units you sold are worth less than what you originally paid, the switch will generate a capital loss.

When switching between funds, keep in mind that you are required to keep track of your capital gain and include its taxable portion in your taxable income in the year of sale. Speak to your financial advisor to understand the implications before switching your investments.